Skin Cancer Sign and Symptoms

Skin cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis, and it’s the most preventable cancer. Most skin cancer is caused by damage from the sun’s UV rays (ultraviolet radiation). This year, an estimated 73,870 people will be diagnosed with melanoma—the most dangerous type of skin cancer—and over 9,940 will die of the disease. 

Every year, over two million people are diagnosed with non-melanoma skin cancer—either basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma. 

Skin Cancer Symptoms

• A sore that doesn’t heal
• A mole or other growth you haven’t noticed before
• Change in the border of a spot, spread of color, redness or swelling around the area.
• A small, smooth, shiny, pale or waxy lump that may bleed
• Large areas with oozing or crust
• A flat red spot or a lump that is scaly or crusty
• Itchiness, tenderness or pain from a mole or elsewhere on your skin
• A brown or black colored spot with uneven edges

When looking at moles, remember the ABCDE rule: 

• Asymmetry (one half of the mole doesn’t match the other), 
• Border irregularity, 
• Color that is not uniform, 
• Diameter greater than 6 mm (about the size of a pencil eraser), and 
• Evolving size, shape or color.

Talk with your health care professional if you notice any of these symptoms.

Skin Cancer Risk Factors

• People who spend time in the sun, or use sun lamps or tanning booths
• People who smoke
• People who have blond, red or light brown hair, and blue, gray or green eyes
• People with fair skin or freckles, or skin that burns easily
• People with personal or family histories of skin cancer






• People with certain types of genetic problems that affect the skin
• People who have been treated with radiation
• People with weakened immune systems
• People who have several moles on their bodies, especially if they have had some moles since they were born
• People who have odd moles or one or more large colored spots on their skin
• People who have had contact with certain chemicals, such as arsenic in drinking water
• People whose skin is damaged from injury or from long-term inflammation
• People with HPV (human papillomavirus)

Men are more likely than women to get non-melanoma skin cancer.

Skin Cancer Treatment

Skin cancer treatment depends on the type and stage of the skin cancer. 

Treatment depends on the type and stage of the skin cancer

Common Treatment for Skin Cancer:

• Surgery
• Various chemotherapies
• Radiation
• Biological drug treatments

Other Possible Treatment:

• Immunotherapy (for melanoma skin cancer)
• Photodynamic therapy (for non-melanoma skin cancer)

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